What Causes Pimples to Appear in Adolescence?
September 12, 2023 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Pimples, often referred to as acne, commonly appear during adolescence due to a combination of factors related to hormonal changes, increased oil production, and skin cell turnover. Here’s a breakdown of the key reasons why acne tends to develop during adolescence:
- Hormonal Changes: One of the primary drivers of acne during adolescence is hormonal fluctuations. As children transition into puberty, their bodies undergo significant hormonal changes. Increased levels of androgens (male hormones that both males and females have) stimulate the sebaceous (oil) glands in the skin to produce more sebum (skin oil). This excess sebum production can clog hair follicles, leading to the development of pimples.
- Increased Sebum Production: As mentioned earlier, the surge in androgens during puberty leads to an increase in sebum production. Sebum is necessary to keep the skin and hair moisturized, but excessive sebum can combine with dead skin cells and create an environment conducive to the growth of acne-causing bacteria (Propionibacterium acnes).
- Clogged Pores: Hair follicles become blocked when sebum and dead skin cells accumulate within them. This can create an ideal environment for the proliferation of P. acnes bacteria, which can lead to inflammation and the formation of pimples.
- Skin Cell Turnover: During adolescence, the rate of skin cell turnover increases. This means that skin cells shed more rapidly, but they can also become more likely to stick together and clog pores.
- Genetics: Family history and genetics play a role in a person’s susceptibility to acne. If one or both parents had acne during their teenage years, their children may be more prone to developing acne as well.
- Diet and Lifestyle: While the relationship between diet and acne is still being studied, some individuals may find that certain dietary choices and lifestyle factors (such as consuming high-sugar or high-dairy diets, smoking, or high-stress levels) can exacerbate acne.
- Cosmetics and Skincare Products: The use of certain makeup or skincare products that contain ingredients that can clog pores (comedogenic products) may contribute to acne breakouts.
- Friction and Pressure: Friction from tight clothing, hats, or leaning on objects, such as cell phones, can exacerbate acne in specific areas.
It’s important to note that while acne is common during adolescence, it can also affect people of all ages. The severity of acne can vary greatly, with some individuals experiencing mild, occasional breakouts, while others may develop more severe and persistent acne.
Effective treatments for acne during adolescence include over-the-counter products containing ingredients like benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid, as well as prescription medications like topical or oral antibiotics, oral contraceptives (for females), and prescription-strength topical retinoids. Dermatologists can provide personalized recommendations and treatments based on the severity and type of acne.
Maintaining good skincare practices, such as gentle cleansing, avoiding excessive scrubbing, and using non-comedogenic products, can also help manage and prevent acne breakouts.