What Causes Liver Cancer?
August 2, 2023 | by Yashaswi Pathakamuri | Posted in FAQ's
Liver cancer, also known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), can be caused by various factors, and often, multiple risk factors play a role in its development. Some of the primary causes and risk factors of liver cancer include:
- Chronic viral infections: Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant risk factor for liver cancer. These viruses can lead to long-term inflammation in the liver, increasing the likelihood of cancerous changes in liver cells.
- Cirrhosis: Cirrhosis is severe scarring of the liver, usually caused by long-term alcohol abuse, chronic viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or other liver diseases. People with cirrhosis have a higher risk of developing liver cancer.
- Alcohol consumption: Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption can damage the liver and increase the risk of liver cancer, especially when combined with other risk factors like viral infections or obesity.
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome can lead to the accumulation of fat in the liver (NAFLD), which, in some cases, can progress to inflammation and scarring (NASH). This condition increases the risk of liver cancer.
- Aflatoxins: Aflatoxins are harmful substances produced by certain molds that can contaminate crops, such as grains and nuts, in certain regions. Prolonged exposure to aflatoxins is associated with an increased risk of liver cancer.
- Family history: Individuals with a family history of liver cancer may have a higher risk of developing the disease.
- Diabetes: People with diabetes have an increased risk of liver cancer, possibly due to the association between diabetes and fatty liver disease.
- Hemochromatosis: Hemochromatosis is a genetic disorder that causes excess iron to be absorbed by the body, leading to iron accumulation in organs such as the liver. This condition can increase the risk of liver cancer.
- Tobacco use: Smoking is associated with an increased risk of liver cancer.
- Exposure to certain chemicals: Occupational exposure to certain chemicals, such as vinyl chloride and arsenic, can increase the risk of liver cancer.
It’s essential to recognize that not everyone with these risk factors will develop liver cancer, and the disease can also occur in people without any identifiable risk factors. Regular screenings and early detection are crucial in improving the outcomes of liver cancer treatment. If you are concerned about your risk of liver cancer, it’s essential to discuss your individual risk factors with a healthcare professional.